Gayathri Subramanian

One of my research interests is the management of non-odontogenic face pain, particularly, myogenous pain of masseteric/temporalis origin. I am interested in the technique using Twin block, a regional nerve block targeting the masseteric and temporalis twigs of the mandibular nerve, the third division of the Trigeminal nerve, (the fifth cranial nerve, which supplies the sensory innervation of the face as well as the motor supply to the jaw muscles). Twin block can be a valuable chairside diagnostic and management tool for identifying non-dental pain stemming from the closer muscles and differentiating it from a toothache.

I am also studying reducing opioid prescriptions following third molar extraction. These extractions performed under sedation can increase the injury to the muscles during luxation of teeth, due to inability of the patient to participate or cooperate/give feedback during the extraction process. My research focuses also on the use of Twin Block as a vital addition to non-opioid options to relieve post-extraction pain. Another area of interest is pathogenesis and potential management strategies for Medication related Osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ): Traditionally, MRONJ is viewed as a direct consequence of impeded bone resorption secondary to anti-resorptive therapy such as bisphosphonates. My research focus is that bone resorption can be revived by revitalizing bone formation through anti-resorptive therapy.

DMD, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine

PhD, Molecular Genetics, Microbiology, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine

1. Reducing prescription opioids use after wisdom molar extractions
2. Pragmatic Return to Effective Dental Infection Control through Triage and Testing

1. Quek, SYP, Gomes-Zagury, Julyana, Subramanian, G. Twin Block in myogenous face pain: anatomy, technique update, and safety. Anesth Prog (2020) 67 (2): 103–106. https://doi.org/10.2344/anpr-67-01-03
2. Ananthan, S, Subramanian, G, Patel, T, Quek, SYP. The Twin Block Injection- An Adjunctive Clinical Aid for the Management of Acute Arthrogenous Temporo-mandibular Joint Dysfunction. Quintessence Int (2020), 51(4): 330-333, doi:10.3290/j.qi.a44150
3. Erian, D, Quek SYP, Subramanian, G. The importance of the history and clinical examination. J Am Dent Assoc. 2018 Apr 12. pii: S0002-8177(17)31132-7. doi: 10.1016/j.adaj.2017.12.019.
4. Quek, SYP, Kalladka, M, Kanti, V, Subramanian, G. A new adjunctive tool to aid in the diagnosis of myogenous temporomandibular disorder pain originating from the masseter and temporalis muscles: Twin‑block technique. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2018;18:181-5.
5. Kanti, V, Ananthan S, Subramanian, G, Quek, S. Y. P. Efficacy of the twin block, a peripheral nerve block for the management of chronic masticatory myofascial pain- a case series. Quintessence International 2017 48(10) 829- 833.
6. Subramanian, G, Kalyoussef E, Blitz-Goldstein M, Guerrero J, Ghesani N, Quek SYP Identifying MRONJ-affected bone with digital fusion of functional imaging (FI) and cone-beam CT(CBCT) - case reports and hypothesis. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology. 2017 Mar;123(3):e106-e116. doi: 10.1016/j.oooo.2016.11.007. Epub 2016 Nov 28
7. Subramanian, G, Robles-Salas V, Quek S (YP), Singer SR. The impact of patient-centered communication in managing Gardner’s syndrome - a case report. J Orofacial Sciences. 2015 7(1): 59-62.
8. Quek SYP; Subramanian, G; Patel J; Ananthan S; Zagury JG; Khan J. Efficacy of regional nerve block in management of myofascial pain of masseteric origin. CRANIO® The Journal of Craniomandibular & Sleep Practice. 2015 33(4):285-90. doi: 10.1080/08869634.2015.1097300
9. Fatahzadeh M, Subramanian, G, Singer SR. Metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma to maxilla: a rare case. Quintessence Int 2015 46(5):431-5. doi: 10.3290/j.qi.a33689.
10. Quek SYP, Young A, Subramanian, G. Twin Block- a simple technique to block both the masseteric and anterior deep temporal nerves with one anesthetic injection. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology. 2014 118(3): e65-7. doi: 10.1016/j.oooo.2014.01.227
11. Subramanian, G, Cohen HV, Quek SY. A model for the pathogenesis of bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw and teriparatide's potential role in its resolution. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2011 Dec;112(6):744-53.
    (This paper was commented on by the editor for the editorial in this issue: Miller CS. Teriparatide's potential role in jaw bone related diseases. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2011 Dec;112(6):703-5.
12. Subramanian, G, Schwarz RE, Higgins L, McEnroe G, Chakravarty S, Dugar S, Reiss M. Targeting endogenous transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling in SMAD4-deficient human pancreatic carcinoma cells inhibits their invasive phenotype. Cancer Res. 2004 Aug 1;64(15):5200-11.
13. Ge R, Rajeev V, Subramanian, G, Reiss KA, Liu D, Higgins L, Joly A, Dugar S, Chakravarty J, Henson M, McEnroe G, Schreiner G, Reiss M. Selective inhibitors of type I receptor kinase block cellular transforming growth factor-beta signaling. Biochem Pharmacol. 2004 Jul 1;68(1):41-50.
14. Giunta KL, Jang JK, Manheim EA, Subramanian, G, McKim KS. subito encodes a kinesin-like protein required for meiotic spindle pole formation in Drosophila melanogaster. Genetics. 2002 Apr;160(4):1489-501.